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Developmental Stages of Language |
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By 6 months
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EXPRESSIVE
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RECEPTIVE
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Vocalizes any sounds
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Turns toward voice
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Produces a range of vocalizations
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Startles at loud sounds
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Produces a variety of facial expressions
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Can be comforted by caregiver's voice
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By 12 months
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EXPRESSIVE
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RECEPTIVE
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Babbles with variety of consonant-like sounds (ba-ba,
ga-ga)
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Ceases activity when told no
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Takes turn vocalizing
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Can participate in social games (peek-a-boo)
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Imitates vocalizations or gestures
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Consistently locates sources of sound in environment
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Uses conventional gestures *points) and vocalizations
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Looks at or acts on objects mentioned or pointed to by
adults
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Communicates for behavioral regulation, social
interaction, and joint attention
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By 18 months
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EXPRESSIVE
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RECEPTIVE
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Produces a variety of sounds that may sound like words
or short sentences
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Responds to his / her name
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Uses a variety of jestures and vocalization
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Responds to names of objects within sight
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Produces a few meaningful words to request objects, and
direct attention
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Responds to simple requests (come here, sit down, stand
up)
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By 24 months
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EXPRESSIVE
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RECEPTIVE
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Uses at least 10 - 15 words
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Responds consistently to many names of objects in
immediate environment
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Uses 2 word sentences meaningfully, including simple
questions
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Retrieves some objects out of sight upon request
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Speech is present at least 50% intelligible
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Responds to 2 step requests (get the ball, bounce it to
caregiver)
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By 36 months
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EXPRESSIVE
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RECEPTIVE
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Produces sentences of 3 - 5 words
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Responds to ‘what', ‘who', or ‘where' questions
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Talks about past and future events
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Points to many different pictures in a book upon
request
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Ask questions using ‘what', who', and ‘where'
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Responds to questions or comments about objects /
events outside of immediate context to caregiver
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Speech is greater than 75% intelligible, has vocabulary
of 700 - 100 words
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Shows interest in other persons conversation
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When there are variations in a child's progression through the critical periods, typical development of communication can be compromised. The effect of these variations can range from very mild to severe and can impact on not only what is learned/expressed, but how this occurs as well. In most people who have developmental disabilities, there are factors that have influenced their transition through these critical periods. These may include prenatal and birth trauma, neurological factors such as cerebral palsy, biological factors such as Down's syndrome, or environmental factors.
It is your knowledge of the various modes of communication that will enhance your interactions with people who have developmental disabilities and will facilitate and broaden your communicative experiences.
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Become A Certified Provider 
